Here in Germany, people usually use hydronic heating and it’s probably gonna stay that way. However, people are waking up to the reality that A/C systems are becoming more relevant, so some people have started to install split A/Cs for heating and cooling. I think there are no subsidies for that though.
In Germany newly installed heating will have to run with at least 65% renewable energy by law. How you achieve that is your decision. All electrical forms of heating check that box due to our electricity mix.
No, sales of new heating systems in regions with a municipality heating plan or in a new built house in a new development has to meet his. The heating plan has to be finished by 2026 for cities or by 2028 for everybody else. Also district heating is also an option and gas heating using hydrogen or biogas are also option, even whne they do not have the required 65% green gas content.
The most frustrating thing with heat pumps is how little help the government are providing. They will cost a fortune to the consumer, especially in houses that need existing heating systems altered to be compatible.
Just because the government pays for it, it isn’t free money. Home owners should pay, not society. And they shouldn’t be forced. If they wish, they may have cold homes without much heating.
The effects from government subsidies for heat pumps are diverse and I have a hard time sorting them into good/bad buckets:
The environmental damage incurred within a country is reduced compared to the situation without the subsidy. (Although that is only true if the additional disposable income freed by the subsidy isn’t used for environmentally harmful activities.) This benefits everyone, but especially low-income households who not only tend to live closer to toxic oil/gas infrastructure but also have less money for climate and environmental adaptation.
Since richer people tend to have more CO2-intensive lives, the first people who are able to use the subsidy may actually some of the worst offenders.
There is less pressure on the often imported goods gas/oil and less pressure on the scarce goods wood/coal. This may reduce their price, making them more affordable to poorer people. Conversely, it may also lead to economies of scale breaking down or the market situation forcing enough actors off the market that a monopoly forms, thus raising prices.
There is a similar effect for heat pumps themselves: They may become more affordable due to economies of scale being realized. They may also be inflated in price due to the government subsidies allowing manufacturers to sell overpriced goods.
Since poor people are neither home-owners nor in possession of enough money to be able to get the government subsidies, the subsidies clearly redistribute from the poor to the rich.
Rentors will likely enjoy lower running costs for their heat (although its likely that their rent itself is increased at least in the initial years).
I would clearly favor an earlier, forced, unsubsidized phase-out for home-owners within certain income brackets … but society has ways to make sure these things never happen (aka rich people’s influence on media/politics). So subsidies for everyone it is, I guess.
We should probably stop subdising fossil fuel companies so much by this arguement. I'd rather my tax pounds went to subsidising heat pumps than fossil fuels.
The UK government has given £20bn more in support to fossil fuel producers than those of renewables since 2015, the Guardian can reveal.
From 2020 to 2021 they received an extra £1bn support from the government compared with 2020, a 10.7% increase. For renewable energy in the same year, total support for projects increased by just £1m, or 0.01%.
The trick is to just install good AC units (multisplit) and rip out the old boiler piping. They have the most optimal heat exchanger for a small area. Unless you have in floor radiant heat, of course.
All of the climate reports for the uk suggest we will need air conditioning 10 times more and our heating will be needed less. So the future should absolutely be in air conditioning and two way heat pump systems
They are also significantly cheaper then upgrading the existing boiler installs. At least in Germany that’s the case, and we have a ton of bodged installs that work but are far from efficient.
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