I have been using Android since near the beginning. My first smartphone was an HTC Droid Incredible. I use Linux on all my computers and have done so for over 15 years. Just trying to set the stage for my level of tech savviness.
I have not used any apps that require ADB permissions in probably 10 years.
Basically treat it similarly to your iPhone to get started. If you have particular apps you’re looking for we can make recommendations or you can just search for lists of specific types of apps (best podcast app, best RSS reader, etc…).