I agree with everything you’re saying except that carbon taxes, at least in Canada, do not seem to really have worked. Since we have no genuinely reliable public transportation infrastructure, we all still drive. And we pay the carbon tax just like we pay excise taxes on it, and provincial taxes, and federal taxes (and, ironically, transportation taxes). It’s why our gasoline in Vancouver is $2.10 per litre. Albeit, lower than Europe, but higher than America. Yet it hasn’t changed the fact we drive ICE cars.
The wealthier people have started driving Teslas. I would say there are times you’re driving and one-third are Teslas, but it’s really region-dependent. Outside Vancouver they’re all ICE, and not just cars but raised pickups.