Unlike Windows Linux has almost all drivers already embedded onto the kernel, meaning that 99% of the time you shouldn’t even have to worry about drivers. There are a couple of exceptions to this, most notably NVIDIA GPUs which do require a proprietary driver to be installed for most usecases, and unfortunately some wireless cards as well.
The command lspci like many suggested here will let you know what your computer detects as being plugged in, which would allow you to ask the better question of “what driver do I need for this wireless card”. But here’s the thing, if it works on Ubuntu 23.04 it’s likely the driver is integrated in the kernel already, so it’s highly likely that any other distro with the same kernel version would work as well, you can check the kernel version running uname -a, and you can also try any bleeding edge distro such as Manjaro (so you have a GUI to check the wifi works) to check that other distro a with the same kernel do support it.
In the unlikely scenario Ubuntu 23 is loading an extra driver you can list all kernel modules using lsmod this should tell you exactly what Ubuntu 23 has loaded for it. Then you could see if a package for that module is available for older Ubuntus.
However I have a possibly dumb question, why not use Ubuntu 23.04 if that one works? Why do you want to downgrade the version?