Stick with it. Programming takes a long time to learn - and I don’t mean the fundamentals; I mean there’s so much to the job that just takes experience to pick up.
After a while, you can pick up a problem/feature, dive into a code base and instead of becoming lost, things just slide into place in your brain and you can focus on the problem/feature rather than having a whole bunch of non essential stuff stuck in your head.
And the secret to getting there is simply wanting to understand. Don’t be satisfied with knowing that you fixed a problem, make sure you understand why your fix worked. Don’t sweat the bigger picture, just focus on each task. And get good at debugging early, that helps soooo much.