My two cents on this is that, the same house developers own a shitload of buildings in each city, meaning they basically up the prices quite a lot without competition to undercut them.
How we solve this goes from country to country.
In case of the US I’d say something must be done, either build more, or adjust economy in order to the middle class to be able to purchase in cities again.
In my country the issue is close to being the same, the main difference is that state regulation isn’t helping at all either, causing people who have properties to not even rent at all.
Rent incomes are taxed at 28%, plus the “IMI”, which is a yearly tax the Portuguese pay on properties, and the owner doesn’t even profit enough to pay for the damages usually caused by the renter. So they either up the prices like crazy (average rental in Lisbon is about 800€), or don’t even rent at all.
Edit: I have people in my family that inherited houses from deceased family and tried to rent it. The renters stole all the furniture, house applicances, everything, from 6 months paid only 2 and after being kicked out even came back to break into the house. Police had to be called to solve the issue but their hands are also tied so they can only give empty threats. Guess who’s never renting again.