There are only two major churches which have a valid historical claim to be a direct succession of the original Church, the other one being the Roman Catholic Church. On the major points of contention - the filioque and papal supremacy - I found the history of the early Church to be solidly supporting of the Orthodox view.
I found the history of the early Church to be solidly supporting of the Orthodox view.
Not to be a dick, but that’s because they did their absolute best to kill heretics and dismantle their belief systems by destroying their literature.
The early church had a lot of ideas about Jesus and his purpose, but the gnostics and other groups were all suppressed by the Orthodox Church and we only know about their beliefs through the lens of their interlocutors.
History is written by the victors, if the Orthodox Church is responsible for early church history they’re going to give you their version of it.
Rome killed heretics, because Christianity was the state religion, and turned to the Church to speak to what is and is not Christianity. And the Church has condemned things like gnosticism as non-Christian from the very beginning. Don’t confuse Rome having an official prescribed acceptable set of religions with some nefarious scheme by the Church. It is the role of the bishops to speak to what the authentic Christian faith is; what the state - in this case, the Roman empire - does with that information, with regard to non-Christian faiths, is it’s own business. The Church is under no onus to accept false theology as Christian simply for fear that the Empire will persecute those people if they don’t. In fact, she would’ve been wrong to do so, and unfaithful to her commission by Christ had they compromised the Christian religion that way.
<span style="color:#323232;">A monk asked Joshu, a Chinese Zen master: `Has a dog Buddha-nature or not?'
</span><span style="color:#323232;">
</span><span style="color:#323232;">Joshu answered: `Mu.'
</span>
I like to believe in nature and energy. I don’t know, but this is is what we can “see” and detect. Its universal, the rules are real. And it is the cause of everything.
I feel like this image of “worshipping the sun” is kind of the most realistic in terms of cause and effect. Its the reason we live and can do stuff. Its the reason for any kind of life to be there and enjoy this expirience.
I mean, with the availible technology we are able to look into the outer space right till the nearest galaxy before the cosmic radiation and the big bang. We can detect the behaviour of the inside of colliding protons. We can adress almost every reaktion which happens to substantial energies, like gravitation, electro magnetic energy, strong and weak core forces (I believe its called, as Im not a english native).
And we still didn’t find a “godlike” force, which is able to control what happens. Or that changes its behavior if you say nice words. Even if there is sth. but we can not detect its force in protons or in galaxies, or any kind of (right now) detectable frequencys. Why should I care for it? It clearly has no control over anything in this universe, so all the energy I put into the “believing” is kind of useless.
Of course if you belive in sth. You will put in the energy and kind of “manifest” it if you do it. But this is not because you convince a supernatural beeing to be kind with you. Its because we are a super complex “energy transformer” which are concious of its abilities to adjust our surroundings to our abilities.
And if sth happens by incident, there is always a plausible action which happened before.
It will probably mean, that there is nothing after this “expirience” and this is kind of creepy. But to be here and expirience it, this whole series of unprobabilities which bring me to generate pixels for you to read. From the first enzymes till now. All of this had to happen, for this exact moment.
Im happy that I can enjoy this life, and grateful for my intact body and the reason for me to have this is uncountable different probabilities.
But where it comes from, or where it will go. I dont know.
That’s always been an odd argument to me, even when I was an atheist. No god worth their substance would need to interact with the universe in any way that didn’t just look like the laws of physics, since they’re the ones who initiated the laws of physics.
But even if they interact in the laws of physics. Then why is there no sudden change. No incoherence, or sth truly random like sth coming out of nothing.
I mean, we are not able to observe every detail in the universe, maybe there is some random stuff happening in another galaxy cluster and we are just in the wrong place.
But the chance for this is almost nonexistent.
But so is the chance for this moment to, and its happening.
If this God exists outside time, it would make sense since we may be unable to perceive these perturbations in time - it will just always have been that way.
That could be true. I mean the timeframe of our existence is small. Even the mammal timeframe is small, so maybe it intercepted even 1500 years ago and whispered some prophet into his hear or sth.
But there are possibilities to tell if something hasnt changed, like in differences of wavelength or if bigger things in our universe just disappear. Extremly said of course. And too we are in a really early stage of all of this knowledge, so if there is definitly proof of some being, Id think otherwise maybe.
But as we know more and more, we just see evidence of physics.
I mean, one perspective is that they got everything right to begin with so there’s no need for intervention.
Another is that quantum weirdness, or chaotic event behavior, exactly is evidence of direct intervention.
Another yet is that, as more limited beings that exist within the laws of physics, we lack the perceptive equipment to bear witness to the “sudden” changes in the fabric of the divine meta-reality, which materialize in the physical world in mundane ways.
In any case, why should we expect a higher power to affect the world in incoherent or random ways?
RNGesus take the wheel!
I actually find it much more comforting to believe that there isn’t any sort of supernatural phenomena. And that our universe is entirely the product of explainable natural laws, through likely quantum and probabilistic in may nature. Along with random chance.
If the universe is fully a system of laws, then we can have some measure of control over the outcome. If the universe is ruled by supernatural forces which we can neither categorize nor understand, then we have no control and at any second those supernatural powers could just decide, “fuck this, time to shake the cosmic Etch-a-Sketch!” Or maybe, “fuck you, in particular”. No control, no need for explainable reasons, just an almighty toddler whose temper tantrums mean death and destruction.
Yes, a universe without some sort of supernatural system playing backstop to death also sucks. It means that when you die you cease to exist. And that’s terrifying. It also means that the only meaning in life is what you make of it. At the same time, I get to define my life and don’t have to live according to some arbitrary supernatural definition either. That’s a pretty good trade, I my view.
In the end, the rejection of the supernatural is both terrifying and freeing. You have to accept that there is no one out there helping you or that there will be anything on the other side of death. But, that frees you to make your life truly your own. You get to define your own purpose, without some huckster telling you that you are bad for enjoying the enjoyable things in life. Or some organization scaring you into giving up what you have earned, because their sky wizard can provide everything they need, except all the things they actually need.
Stop looking for someone else to tell you the propose of your life and instead realize that you are the purpose of your life.
No control, no need for explainable reasons, just an almighty toddler whose temper tantrums mean death and destruction.
This are some good words. Because I think we would see or be able to tell if somewhere in our observable universe there are truly random situations, happening out of nowhere. But there are none, what we observe now are mustly just proof of concepts some really wise people made in the last centuries.
From the biggest to the smalles (for us) observable objects we cannot see irregular interference. So there is nothing what changes without the energy it needs to change. (At least that we know of)
This cease to exist part, coupled to the sheer hard-explainably complex stuff which happens around us is I think the root of our religious believes and the idea of an afterlife - Because we have to go somewhere dont we?
But what is it what “goes” somewhere and what is it what even is going right now?
Its just a complex form of energy transfer happening between our synapses. Thats whats happening. We cant detect something else which is controlling us than our brain, and what happens in our brain can be explained pretty well by ohr understanding of how our neurochemistry works. (Why it does what is does and where it comes from is still up to debate) but there is no blackbox, which uses energy and is controlling us.
I think we just need to accept that we have this experience and can do what we want with it, because sometime in the future it will end for each of us.
And if there is a god in the end, and a life after, it will be enlightning I hope and I will give it my full respect how it hid itself so well, and for how the universe turned out to be, I hope it will understand. But all this torture in the afterlife stuff is really not fitting into all of this.
So your way is more accepting the unknown, than filling it with some sort of believe, if I understand it correctly? I’d say that’s a take on spirituality as well.
I do not really accept the unknown. Im lretty interested in how the universe works and what its made of. Why everything is happening and how it came all to start.
This brought me into studying chemistry.
I just dont thing there is a beeing, which made alll of this up. Just for us.
I mean there is trillions times trillions galaxies, and this number is still small in comparison to the real amount. All of this just for some kind of weird test of some weird carbon based structures, so after they die they can have all of what they want?
Something has to be behind all of this, but this human centric view of our universe definetly doesnt get it right. in my opinion.
One is taught from birth and has a history of indoctrination that both you and me would likely also fall for in the same situation.
The other is willful ignorance with no historical reason to believe it and full denial of most science.
I’m not religious at all, I am happy to openly mock God and dare him to strike me down, I really don’t care. But laughing at the PEOPLE who believe it through no fault of their own is pure douchebaggery.
We’re fortunate to have the opportunity to learn about and assess the situation with as much knowledge as we like, plenty of people don’t have the same opportunity or were taught the beliefs long before they could reason any differently. 5000 years ago you’d be praising the sun God with the rest of us, everything from that to now is just shades of grey, and you’re pretty unlikely to be some special individual that derived all science from first principles and concluded that God was impossible.
You’re basically just claiming to be better due to the circumstances you found yourself in (through no fault of your own). Seems like properly cunty behaviour to me, and only a stones throw from laughing at the poor for not being born into wealth.
Sure thing kiddo. I’ll get right on that when you stop playing the edgy internet “atheist” and grow the fuck up.
Atheism- ACTUAL atheism is simply about not believing in any gods- not being so blinded by your own hatred of others that you can’t see yourself in them.
Not really m8. It brings some people solace and closure to believe that there’s an afterlife after death religion and belief. can come in many forms all are good things. Religion can make you a better person and religion can bring some closure for dead loved ones religion can teach you lots of things religion and belief can come in many forms
One could as well argue that it’s crazy to just “wake up” in some place, having no clue about where we come from and where we go. Constructing some “made up fantasy shit” might be a way to cope with that void.
If it’s not your way that’s perfectly fine, but I would still appreciate a respectful discussion.
Any of them that help people live easier or better lives, up to the point that that belief negatively impacts others’ lives. Do what you want as long as it doesn’t come at the expense of someone else.
I’m an agnostic atheist, but recently I’ve been drawn to somewhat pagan beliefs about spirituality in nature. I can’t bring myself to believe in some mother Gaia goddess that controls the flow of nature, but something about nature holding innate power and energy rings true. I’m still figuring it out.
I had some traumatic events happen in my life recently, and in looking for ways to feel safe again I found myself believing in things I’ve never believed in before. I had some serious dysphoria about it lol, I was like “is this how ancient humans developed religions? A result of terror and seeking comfort?” As someone who became an atheist on my own as a young child, having any belief in something without actual evidence was making me question a lot about myself. But I don’t think I need to pigeon-hole myself into any self-made boxes, I can just let my beliefs be.
Postdata: But I hope you can allow me a quote of Father Jorge Loring in her book “to save yourself”: “Those who reject all morals (” prohibited to prohibit “), are some hypocrites, because they want to impose their rules. He said, Ortega and Gasset:” of the moral, it is not possible to be disengaged “69” I personally like the scientific approach to look for the truth, but also that same has prevented me many times to walk quietly. Although and I’m just surpassing.
Did you know that Martin Luther references child molestation in his little paper?
The Catholic Church spends so much resources protecting child molesters that at some point you have to wonder 'whats the purpose of the church?'
I truly do not care what anyone else believes, so long as it doesn’t lead them to inhibit the fundamental human rights of others.
Personally, I take pride in trying to see things from multiple points of view. Logic and reason are, more often than not, the things that drive my actions… to a degree. Obviously I’m not perfect nor have I ever claimed to be, but I do my best to think clearly and deduce the best course of action. That isn’t to say that I don’t get complacent, but I see no point in trying to deny anyone anything if they aren’t hurting anyone else. Treat others as you’d like to be treated and all that.
I truly do not care what anyone else believes, so long as it doesn’t lead them to inhibit the fundamental human rights of others.
I agree. Anyone has the right to believe what ever they want.
The problem is that so many faiths have the belief their's is the only correct one and they have the right (no, the duty...) to force their beliefs on others.
It is the perfect example of the paradox of tolerance.
It is the perfect example of the paradox of tolerance.
Yep. Once the nazis start drinking at your bar, it becomes a nazi bar whether you wanted it to or not. Tolerance of the intolerant only breeds further intolerance. You gotta cut it off somewhere.
It’s one thing to be angry that someone did something wrong and to demand they be punished for it, it’s another thing entirely to continue being intolerant of them once they’ve accepted and ultimately finished that punishment. Our society has something against ex-cons (likely because our government does little to cut down on recidivism rates) but they’re just folks that’ve screwed up and did their time. Their debt to society has been paid.
In any case, what I was saying wasn’t that we should be tolerant of the intolerant. Quite the opposite. It makes no sense to tolerate others inhibiting the rights of others.
I totally agree. But I increasingly notice that logic and reason, albeit great tools to navigate the world, don’t offer any answers to the “bigger” questions.
None. When I consider death/existence/morality I get quite frustrated that I don’t have an answer. Give me omniscience (while preserving my morality and sanity), damn it!
I am Catholic, I was born there, growing there, and then I became a real Catholic. For the scientific evidence you have. Fight against my many defects, with the help of God. Looking to reach the heaven, without going through the purgatory (preferably). I would not see it as finding support, but to seek the objective truth.
I find comfort in the Zhuangzi, a text that later became associated with daoism.
To me, the zhuangzi is about accepting the inevitablity of change by remembering that the human scale is only a small part of the crazy and unknowable universe we exist in.
It's hilarious, an obvious work of genius, and surprisingly modern. Unlike the dao de jing, it uses nonsense and satire to make very real and relevant points about the human plight.
He’s the guy who said he wasn’t sure whether he was a man dreaming he was a butterfly or a butterfly dreaming he was a man.
It’s said that when his wife died his friend found him drumming and singing. When asked why he was behaving inappropriately, he said. “if I weren’t singing I would cry, and then I would have forgotten that all things are constantly transitioning into something else.”
There’s also a certain amount of philosophical one-up-manship.
Ziyu fell ill. Zisi went to see how he was. “How remarkable!” said Ziyu. “The Creator of things is making me into this hooked shape. A hump has thrust up from my back, my five viscera are top-wards, my cheeks are in the shadow of my belly, my shoulders rise above my head, and my pigtail is pointing at the sky! It must be some dislocation of my yin and yang qi.”
Yet he was calm at heart and unconcerned. Crawling to the well, he looked in at his reflection.
“Oh, my! The Creator’s made me even more crooked!”
“Do you resent it?” asked Zisi.
“Why, no! What is there to resent? If this goes on perhaps he’ll turn my left arm into a rooster and I’ll keep watch over the night. Or perhaps in time he’ll transform my right arm into a crossbow pellet and I’ll shoot down an owl to roast. Or perhaps he’ll turn my buttocks into cartwheels and I’ll ascend into the sky with my spirit as my horse! Why would I ever want a new carriage again?
“I received life because the season had come. I will lose it in the flow of time. Content with the seasons and dwelling in the flow of time, neither sorrow nor joy can get within me. In ancient times this was called ‘untying the bonds.’ There are those who cannot free themselves because they are bound by things. Besides, no thing can ever prevail over Heaven – that’s the way it has always been. What would I have to resent?”
...
“The Great Clod burdens me with form, labors me with life, eases me in old age, rests me in death. So if I think well of my life, for the same reason I must think well of my death. Were a skilled smith casting metal, if the metal should leap up and say, ‘I insist on becoming a Moye-type sword!’ the smith would regard it as most inauspicious metal indeed. Now having had the audacity to have once taken on human form, I should now say, ‘I won’t be anything but a man! Nothing but a man!’ the Creator would surely regard me as a most inauspicious person."
That's a section I love from chapter 6.
This is the end of the inner chapters. Note that 'Hundun' means both chaos and wonton, so think something like a metaphorical primordial meatball.
The god of the Southern Sea was Swift; the god of the Northern Sea was Sudden. The god of the center was Hundun. Swift and Sudden would often meet in the land of Hundun, and Hundun would host them with great courtesy. Swift and Sudden made a plan to return Hundun’s generosity. “All men have seven orifices,” they said, “so that they can see and hear, eat and breathe. Hundun alone has none. Why don’t we bore these for him?”
Each day they bored one orifice and on the seventh day, Hundun died.
Gotta appreciate philosophy that knows how to stick the punchline.
That's just the bit we think Zhuangzi definitely wrote, but the 'outer' and 'miscellaneous' chapters have some good stuff. The happiness of fish story from Autumn Floods really sticks with me. The whole chapter on Cutting Satchels is a vicious refutation of the state:
"In taking precautions against thieves who cut open satchels, search bags, and break open boxes, people are sure to cord and fasten them well, and to employ strong bonds and clasps; and in this they are ordinarily said to show their wisdom. When a great thief comes, however, he shoulders the box, lifts up the satchel, carries off the bag, and runs away with them, afraid only that the cords, bonds, and clasps may not be secure; and in this case what was called the wisdom (of the owners) proves to be nothing but a collecting of the things for the great thief."
this chapter is especially interesting when you compare it in style and subject to Neither Lord Nor Subject.
Here's a combined translation/commentary from a scholar. It has some important context.
It's only the 'Inner' chapters - this is the section that is generally accepted as written by Master Zhuang himself because it's "governed by a single creative vision". The 'outer' and 'miscellanious' sections still have some great chapters - 'stealing' is one of my favorites.
Also, here's an 8m video of a semi-related daoist text called Neither Lord Nor Master. I find it so relevant. The first sentence is basically: Confucians say heaven ordained authority, but that's a lie told by people who benefit from oppression. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gs23tDAaEho
Stoicism. The two major figures that I use to discuss stoicism are Viktor Frankl and Epictetus. Epictetus was born a slave and was crippled by his owner, but eventually was freed and found a happy life teaching Stoicism. Viktor Frankl wrote about finding meaning in life even living in the concentration camps. While not explicitly Stoic, his Logotherapy lines up very well with Stoic principles.
As an athiest I also like stoicism a lot. Epictetus is definitely a real one, loved reading discourses. Would also recommend Seneca although I found it a bit drier. And the famous Meditations from Marcus Aurelius.
Nothing, I guess I just never needed any spiritual support. I grew up an atheist, my parents never took me to any church or prayed or told any religious stories of any kind. Then suddenly, in high school, I decided to tell them I was non religious they were surprised. They said we are Methodists. Well, that’s news to me. Maybe you are, but I was never baptized or anything.
Funny thing, I also never got “the talk.” I managed to figure things out for myself there, too.
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